Maintainable code for Slack interactive messages, modals, and home tabs.
Lightweight, zero-dependency library for declaratively building Slack Block Kit UI.
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Block Builder helps you keep your Slack app code for UI maintainable, testable, and reusable. It has a declarative, chainable syntax inspired by SwiftUI and is built for better UI architecture.
:zap: Features
- Declarative SwiftUI inspired syntax.
- Commonly-used UI components, such as a
Paginator
and Accordion
. - The ability to build more complex flows using loops and conditionals.
- A
printPreviewURL()
method that outputs a link to preview your UI on Slack's Block Kit Builder website for easier prototyping. - A set of helper functions for formatting text with Slack's markdown standard.
- In-depth doc site at https://blockbuilder.dev.
- Support for all current Slack Block Kit objects.
- A great TypeScript experience.
- Extensive JSDoc hints with explanations, validation rules, and quick links to full documentation.
- Zero dependencies.
:gift: Benefits
- Write three times less code.
- Build more sophisticated, elegant flows.
- Design better UI architecture for your Slack apps.
- Focus more on code in your IDE than on studying the Slack API docs.
- Easily integrate localizations into your app.
Feedback – love it! Aside from GitHub Issues, there's a Slack channel available in the Slack Community workspace to discuss Block Builder – we'll see you there! :raised_hands:
:floppy_disk: Installation
Block Builder requires Node.js 12 or higher, and, when using TypeScript, TypeScript 3.8 or higher.
Using NPM:
npm install --save slack-block-builder
Using Yarn:
yarn add slack-block-builder
:space_invader: Usage
For full documentation, make sure you head over to https://blockbuilder.dev.
Importing
The functions for creating objects can be both imported directly or through an object that groups them by category.
import { Surfaces, Blocks, Elements, Bits, Utilities } from 'slack-block-builder';
import { Modal, Section, Actions, Button } from 'slack-block-builder';
The same goes for importing Slack markdown helper functions:
import { Surfaces, Blocks, Md } from 'slack-block-builder';
import { Modal, Section, bold, link } from 'slack-block-builder';
Object Breakdown
Surfaces
– Contains functions for creating modals, messages, home tabs, and workflow steps.
Blocks
– Layout blocks used to organize the UI.
Elements
– UI elements that are used to capture user interaction.
Bits
– These are composition objects and other bits and pieces from Slack's docs. Included are Attachment
, Options
, OptionGroup
, and ConfirmationDialog
. They felt like they were deserving of their own category.
Utilities
– A group of utility functions. See Utility Functions.
Md
– Helper functions for formatting text with Slack's markdown. See Markdown Helpers.
Block Kit Support and Reference
Below is a list of supported objects and how to access them in Block Builder:
Name | Type | Support | Accessed Via |
---|
Home Tab | Surface | :white_check_mark: | Surfaces.HomeTab() |
Message | Surface | :white_check_mark: | Surfaces.Message() |
Modal | Surface | :white_check_mark: | Surfaces.Modal() |
Workflow Step | Surface | :white_check_mark: | Surfaces.WorkflowStep() |
Actions | Block | :white_check_mark: | Blocks.Actions() |
Context | Block | :white_check_mark: | Blocks.Context() |
Divider | Block | :white_check_mark: | Blocks.Divider() |
File | Block | :white_check_mark: | Blocks.File() |
Header | Block | :white_check_mark: | Blocks.Header() |
Image | Block | :white_check_mark: | Blocks.Image() |
Input | Block | :white_check_mark: | Blocks.Input() |
Section | Block | :white_check_mark: | Blocks.Section() |
Button | Element | :white_check_mark:️ | Elements.Button() |
Checkboxes | Element | :white_check_mark: | Elements.Checkboxes() |
Date Picker | Element | :white_check_mark: | Elements.DatePicker() |
Time Picker | Element | :white_check_mark: | Elements.TimePicker() |
Image | Element | :white_check_mark: | Elements.Img() |
Overflow Menu | Element | :white_check_mark: | Elements.OverflowMenu() |
Radio Buttons | Element | :white_check_mark: | Elements.RadioButtons() |
Plain-Text Input | Element | :white_check_mark: | Elements.TextInput() |
Select Menus | Element | :white_check_mark: | Elements.[Type]Select() |
Multi-Select Menus | Element | :white_check_mark: | Elements.[Type]MultiSelect() |
Option | Composition Object | :white_check_mark: | Bits.Option() |
Confirm Dialog | Composition Object | :white_check_mark: | Bits.ConfirmationDialog() |
Option Group | Composition Object | :white_check_mark: | Bits.OptionGroup() |
Attachment | Legacy Feature | :white_check_mark: | Bits.Attachment() |
Creating a Simple Interactive Message
Let's take a look at how to compose an interactive message. Even though Slack now has modals, these have always been the basis for Slack apps.
Functions that return Block Kit objects have setter methods for all of the properties, but also support parameters that are passed into the constructor for properties with primitive types.
import { Message, Blocks, Elements } from 'slack-block-builder';
export default ({ channel, dangerLevel }) =>
Message()
.channel(channel)
.text('Alas, my friend.')
.blocks(
Blocks.Section()
.text('One does not simply walk into Slack and click a button.'),
Blocks.Section()
.text('At least that\'s what my friend Slackomir said :crossed_swords:'),
Blocks.Divider(),
Blocks.Actions()
.elements(
Elements.Button()
.text('Sure One Does')
.actionId('gotClicked')
.danger(dangerLevel > 42),
Elements.Button()
.text('One Does Not')
.actionId('scaredyCat')
.primary()))
.asUser()
.buildToJSON();
And now an example with using both the setter methods and passing parameters into the functions at initiation:
import { Message, Blocks, Elements } from 'slack-block-builder';
export default ({ channel, dangerLevel }) =>
Message({ channel, text: 'Alas, my friend.' })
.blocks(
Blocks.Section({ text: 'One does not simply walk into Slack and click a button.' }),
Blocks.Section({ text: 'At least that\'s what my friend Slackomir said :crossed_swords:' }),
Blocks.Divider(),
Blocks.Actions()
.elements(
Elements.Button({ text: 'Sure One Does', actionId: 'gotClicked' })
.danger(dangerLevel > 42),
Elements.Button({ text: 'One Does Not', actionId: 'scaredyCat' })
.primary()))
.asUser()
.buildToJSON();
Both of these examples render the message below. And the best part? It only took 15 lines of code, as opposed to the 44 lines of JSON generated as a result.
View Example on Slack Block Kit Builder Website
Creating a Simple Modal
Let's take a look at how modals are created. Here we'll also take a look at working with Bits and with loops, by adding options with the Array.map()
method.
You'll noticed that we've added an inline condition that returns an initial option only if one has been passed into the function. This is because all the setter methods prune values of undefined
, uncovering opportunities for inline logic.
import { Modal, Blocks, Elements, Bits } from 'slack-block-builder';
export default ({ menuOptions, selected }) =>
Modal({ title: 'PizzaMate', submit: 'Get Fed' })
.blocks(
Blocks.Section({ text: 'Hey there, colleague!' }),
Blocks.Section({ text: 'Hurray for corporate pizza! Let\'s get you fed and happy :pizza:' }),
Blocks.Input({ label: 'What can we call you?' })
.element(
Elements.TextInput({ placeholder: 'Hi, my name is... (What?!) (Who?!)' })
.actionId('name')),
Blocks.Input({ label: 'Which floor are you on?' })
.element(
Elements.TextInput({ placeholder: 'HQ – Fifth Floor' })
.actionId('floor')),
Blocks.Input({ label: 'What\'ll you have?' })
.element(
Elements.StaticSelect({ placeholder: 'Choose your favorite...' })
.actionId('item')
.options(menuOptions
.map((item) => Bits.Option({ text: item.name, value: item.id })))
.initialOption(selected && Bits.Option({ text: selected.name, value: selected.id }))))
.buildToJSON();
Both of these examples render the modal below.
View Example on Slack Block Kit Builder Website
Paginator Component
Block Builder provides a Paginator
component that assists in producing paginated UI. It allows you to dictate the UI to build for each items passed in and provides to the actionId
all of the data (page
, perPage
, totalPages
, offset
, totalItems
) you need to produce the right page when a user clicks the Next or Previous buttons.
Note that there is a demo app available that demonstrates how to use components.
The Paginator
component supports optional customizations, such as:
nextButtonText
– Used to pass in custom text for the Next button, but has a default.
previousButtonText
– Used to pass in custom text for the Next button, but has a default.
pageCountText
– Used to pass in custom text for the page count, accepts a function and passes the function an object with page
and totalPages
properties.
import { Modal, Blocks, Elements, Paginator } from 'slack-block-builder';
export default ({ tasks, totalTasks, page, perPage }) => Modal({ title: 'Open Tasks' })
.blocks(
Blocks.Section({ text: 'Hi! :wave: And welcome to the FAQ section! Take a look around and if you don\'t find what you need, feel free to open an issue on GitHub.' }),
Blocks.Section({ text: `You currently have *${totalTasks} open task(s)*:` }),
Paginator({
perPage,
items: tasks,
totalItems: totalTasks,
page: page || 1,
actionId: ({ page, offset }) => JSON.stringify({ action: 'render-tasks', page, offset }),
blocksForEach: ({ item }) => [
Blocks.Divider(),
Blocks.Section({ text: `*${item.title}*` })
.accessory(
Elements.Button({ text: 'View Details' })
.actionId('view-details')
.value(item.id.toString())),
Blocks.Section({ text: `*Due Date:* ${getDate(item.dueDate)}` }),
],
}).getBlocks())
.close('Done')
.buildToJSON();
The code above renders the modal below. And be sure to check out the full documentation on the Block Builder doc site for more information.
View Example on Slack Block Kit Builder Website
Accordion Component
Using the Accordion
component, you can easily create a customizable accordion for your Slack app. It not only assists in building a suitable UI, but also calculates the next state and gives you access to it in the actionId
of the buttons in the accordion, so that you can pass that back to your app's backend and use it to render the next state.
Note that there is a demo app available that demonstrates how to use components.
The Accordion
component supports optional customizations, such as:
collapseOnExpand
– Dictates whether or not multiple items can be expanded at once. When set to true, only one item will be expanded at any given time.
expandButtonText
– Used to pass in custom text for the button that expands an item, but has a default.
collapseButtonText
– Used to pass in custom text for the button that collapses an expanded item, but has a default.
import { Modal, Blocks, Accordion } from 'slack-block-builder';
export default ({ faqs, expandedItems }) => Modal({ title: 'FAQ' })
.blocks(
Blocks.Section({ text: 'Hi! :wave: And welcome to the FAQ section! Take a look around and if you don\'t find what you need, feel free to open an issue on GitHub.'}),
Blocks.Divider(),
Accordion({
items: faqs,
expandedItems: expandedItems || [],
collapseOnExpand: true,
titleText: ({ item }) => `*${item.question}*`,
actionId: ({ expandedItems }) => JSON.stringify({ action: 'render-faqs', expandedItems }),
blocksForExpanded: ({ item }) => [
Blocks.Section({ text: `${item.answer}` }),
],
}).getBlocks())
.close('Done')
.buildToJSON();
The code above renders the modal below. And be sure to check out the full documentation on the Block Builder doc site for more information.
View Example on Slack Block Kit Builder Website
Utility Functions
The Utilities
object contains various utility functions for creating UI. Currently, there are two:
BlockCollection()
– Accepts multiple arguments or an array of blocks and returns them in an array, in their built state.
AttachmentCollection()
– Accepts multiple arguments or an array of attachments and returns them in an array, in their built state.
These two functions are useful when you wish to keep surface or view configuration separate from UI representation.
An example using Slack's WebClient
from their SDK for Node.js:
import { BlockCollection, AttachmentCollection, Blocks } from 'slack-block-builder';
import { WebClient } from '@slack/web-api';
const client = new WebClient(process.env.SLACK_TOKEN);
client.chat.postMessage({
channel: 'ABCDEFG',
text: 'Hello, my dear, sweet world!',
blocks: BlockCollection( ),
attachments: AttachmentCollection( ),
})
.then((response) => console.log(response))
.catch((error) => console.log(error));
Another example where you might find BlockCollection()
helpful is when unfurling links in messages:
import { BlockCollection, Blocks } from 'slack-block-builder';
import { WebClient } from '@slack/web-api';
const client = new WebClient(process.env.SLACK_TOKEN);
const unfurl = ({ channel, ts, url }) => client.chat.unfurl({
channel,
ts,
unfurls: { [url]: BlockCollection( ) },
})
.then((response) => console.log(response))
.catch((error) => console.log(error));
Markdown Helpers
Often you'll find that you need to format text in your messages and modals. Block Builder has helper functions available to simply that process. They are available both as members of the Md
object and as top-level imports. You can find the full list of functions on the Block Builder doc site:
import { Message, Blocks, Md } from 'slack-block-builder';
export default ({ channel, user }) => {
const slashCommands = ['/schedule', '/cancel', '/remind', '/help'];
return Message({ channel, text: 'Alas, my friend.' })
.blocks(
Blocks.Section({ text: `:wave: Hi there, ${Md.user(user)}!` }),
Blocks.Section({ text: `${Md.italic('Sorry')}, I didn't get that. Why don't you try out some of my slash commands?` }),
Blocks.Section({ text: `Here are some of the things that I can do:` }),
Blocks.Section()
.text(Md.listBullet(slashCommands
.map((item) => Md.codeInline(item)))))
.asUser()
.buildToObject();
};
View Example on Slack Block Kit Builder Website
:link: Other Useful Slack-Related Projects
Bolt for JavaScript – A simple framework for building Slack apps, developed by Slack themselves.
Node Slack SDK – A great and powerful SDK for building Slack Apps from the ground up.
:fire: Acknowledgements
Taras Neporozhniy (@korywka) - For help and ideas along the way!
Alexey Chernyshov (@ft502 on Dribbble) - For such a beautiful logo!
SlackHQ (@slackhq) - For such a wonderful product and API!
:black_nib: Author
Ray East (@raycharius) - Huge Fan of Slack and Block Builder Maintainer